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                    <h2>京剧的四大功夫</h2>
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                    <h2>唱功</h2>
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                    <h2>念功</h2>
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                    <h2>做功</h2>
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                    <h2>打功</h2>
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                    <h2>京剧四大功夫</h2>
                    <p>
                        京剧表演的四种艺术手法：唱、念、做、打,也是京剧表演四项
                        基本功。
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                    <h2>唱功</h2>
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                        唱是戏曲的主要艺术手段之一,学习唱功的第一步是喊嗓、吊嗓,扩
                        大音域、音量、锻炼歌喉的耐力和音色,分别字音的四声阴阳、尖圆
                        清浊、五音四呼,练习咬字、归韵、喷口、润腔等技巧；但唱更重要
                        的则是善于运用声乐技巧来表现人物的性格、感情和精神状态,通过
                        声乐的艺术感染力,表达剧中人的心曲。
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                    <h2>念功</h2>
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                        念白与唱互相补充、配合,也是表达人物思想感情的重要艺术手段,
                        甚至有“千斤话白四两唱”的说法。和唱腔一样,要有轻重高低,疾
                        徐长短。戏曲念白大体上可分为两大类,即韵白和散白。
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                    <h2>做功</h2>
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                        做功泛指表演技巧,一般又特指舞蹈化的形体动作,是戏曲有别于
                        其他表演艺术的主要标志之一。演员在创作角色时,手、眼、身、
                        步各有多种程式,髯口、翎子、甩发、水袖也各有多种技法,灵活
                        运用这些程式化的舞蹈语汇,以突出人物性格、年龄、身份上的特
                        点,并使自己塑造的艺术形象更成功。
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                    <h2>打功</h2>
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                        也就是武功,包括翻跟头,打荡子、各种舞蹈和高难技巧,如起霸、
                        走边、对枪、下场等。以武功来表现人物和剧情,做到技不离戏,
                        就是枪来剑往也要打出情感,打出语言,而不是单纯的卖弄武功。
                        不仅要有深厚的功底,而且还必须善于运用这些难度极高的技巧,
                        准确地展示人物的精神面貌和神情气质。
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